Cash register



u y 1939- E. .BREITLING 2,166,459

CASH REGISTER, ACCOUNTING, AND THE LIKE MACHINE Fi led Oct. 5, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Unvenkur Ernst Breitling His Attorney July 18, 1939. BRElTUNG 2,166,459

'CASH REGISTER, ACCOUNTING, AND THE LIKE MACHINE Filed Oct. 5, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 3n ven for Ernst Breitling His Attorney July 18, 1939.

' CASH REGISTER, ACCOUNTING, AND THE LIKE MACHINE F iled Oct. 5, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet s Jnventor a! Ernst Breifling ARM-neg i E. BIREITLING 4 2,166,459.

July 18, 1939.

E. BREITLING 'CASH REGISTER, ACCOUNTING, AND THE LIKE MACHINE Filed Oct. 5, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Fig. 5.

jnvenkor Ernst Breitling His Aikorney Patented July 18, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CASH REGISTER, ACCOUNTING, AND THE LIKE MACHINE Application October 5, 1935, Serial No. 43,731 In Germany January '7, 1935 5 Claims.

The invention relates to cash registers, accounting and the like machines and more particularly to tens transfer devices of such machine especially when the machines are provided with an add and subtract or balance totalizer in which the tens carrying is effected stepwisely and the fugitive one added by a second revolution of the carry mechanism actuating shaft.

The main object of the invention is to reduce the number of transfer cycles and thus increase the time available for each single tens transfer operation in a machine operation of any kind or mode.

Another object of the invention is to provide means effective in all denominational orders in each moment of the tens transfer and carrying time period.

Another object of the invention is to adapt and arrange the carrying means in any or some of the denominational orders to delay tens carrying to a certain extent of the time period available.

Further objects of the invention will be pointed out in the following detailed description with reference to the annexed drawings.

A preferred form of an embodiment of the invention is shown in the annexed drawings.

Of said drawings:

Fig. 1 is a cross section in side elevation of the machine showing an amount key bank, the differential device and other means connected therewith,

Fig. 2 is a transverse section in top view of the balance totalizer,

Fig. 2a is a detail view of a part of the fugitive 1 mechanism shown in Fig. 2,

Figs. 3a to 30 show cross sections through the balance totalizer taken along line II--II of Fig. 2, with the tens transfer and carrying device in different working positions,

Figs. 4a to 40 are part views of the balance totalizer with the transfer mechanism carrier in positions corresponding to those in Figs. 3a to 30,

Fig. 5 is a side view of the transfer mechanism carrier on an enlarged scale,

Fig. 6 (a to c and a. to show diagrams of three examples of tens transferring and carrying performed with the old device and with the novel device in amount entering actions,

Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate modified forms of driving pinions for the transfer actuating mechanism.

General description The tens transfer mechanism according to the present invention relates to devices of the type in which, in the various denominational orders, tens transfers are prepared by the machine operation during adding or subtracting operations, and completed after such operations.

More particularly, the invention consists in providing means, especially in each denominational order of an'add and subtract or balance totalizer, adapted to operate carrying means in any moment of the time available for tens trans- 10 fer and to add also the fugitive one when a passage from 9 to 0 occurs in the highest denominational order in subtract operations.

In known totalizers tens carryings prepared after amounts are entered, are executed by an actuating shaft actuated by the machine drive, and having arranged thereon a one-tooth disk in each denominational order. As in any denominational order in which the adding wheel was set to 9, a tens transfer impulse will cause an additional tens transfer to be rendered effective, tens carrying has to be started from the lower order advancing stepwise up to the highest. For this reason the carrying disks fast on the actuating shaft are disposed thereon in such a way that their transfer teeth are arranged to form a helical line and, thus, become effective after one another beginning at the next to the lowest denominational order.

The actuating shaft runs idle till the disk associated with the first denominational order in which tens carrying is prepared, becomes effective, whereupon all prepared tens carryings are performed in next higher denominational orders after one another. When in balance totalizers the sign of the total is changed with the highest denominational order passing from 9 to 0, a tens carrying in the lowest denominational order is caused and effected thereby adding the fugitive one. As the transfer teeth of all the disks have already passed their effective ranges, another revolution of the actuating shaft is required for these carrying operations which possibly have to be continued up to the next 5 higher orders. By this second revolution of the said shaft all the necessary tens carrying-starting from the lowest denominational order-up to the totalizer wheel operated first during the first revolution of the said shaft, are effected, whereafter, however, the shaft runs idle through the denominational orders in which tens carrying has already been effected during the first revolution of the shaft. Thus a portion of the one cycle and another portion of the second cycle of the two cycles, that is, a full cycle altogether, is ineffective.

In the device according to the present invention, the disks, as already mentioned, are so shaped, or rather provided with so many teeth, that they offer a tens transfer actuating means in all the denominational orders effective simultaneously throughout the whole tens transfer period.

Thereby idle runs are eliminated and, in comparison with the known device, a whole idle revolution is saved.

Detailed description The balance totalizer which has applied thereto a device according to the invention is similarly constructed to the one set forth and described in U. S. A. Patents 1,839,138 and 2,052,444.

The key board of such a machine comprises eight amount key banks and several special key banks to select totalizers for deposit entries, as well as totalizers for withdrawal entries. A further key bank controls positive and negative old balances. Further, the key board comprises a motor key, a balance or total lever and a mode of operation or machine conditioning lever. The latter can be set to four positions, viz: Addition, Subtotal, Grand total and Duplicate. The machine as shown in Fig. 1 contains a row of nine totalizers for the positive entries and another row of nine totalizers for the negative entries. Furthermore, a third row comprising six totalizers is provided which serve, respectively, to accumulate the positive and negative old balances, the deposits and withdrawals, and the positive and negative new balances.

In the fourth row the balance, or add and subtract totalizer, is arranged which comprises (Figs. 1, 2, 3a) in each denominational order two counting wheels, an adding wheel I and a subtracting wheel 2. The hub 3 of each adding wheel I has fast on it a pinion 4 which is in mesh with another pinion 5 fast on a hub I mounted on a shaft 6. The hub I has further fast on it a pinion 8 in mesh with a broad pinion I0 fast on a shaft 9. Pinion I0 is further in mesh with a pinion II fast on the hub I2 of the subtracting wheel 2. Upon one of the two counting wheels I or 2 being driven, a rotation of the same amplitude but in opposite direction is imparted to the other counting wheel.

The counting wheels I, 2 are further provided with internal teeth which may be engaged by riders I4 secured to necks of the shiftable rider shaft I3 so as to take part in the axial shifting motion of the latter but freely turn thereon.

The rider shaft I3 can be shifted by means not shown, as they are no part of the present invention, into three positions in which the riders I4 are in mesh either with the internal teeth of the adding wheels I or with those of the subtracting wheels 2, or with none of them.

The counting wheels I, 2 of each order are mounted on the extended hub I95 of a difierential wheel l6 which hub has a longitudinal slot II in which the appertaining rider I4 may be shifted. That counting wheel with the internal teeth of which the rider I4 is in mesh, is thus coupled with the difierential wheel I6. The latter is actuated in accordance with the depression of the respective amount key 20I of the respective order. Previous to the return of the differential actuators 25!], the balance totalizer is coupled with them by rocking it to such an extent that the differential wheels I6 come into mesh with the tens transfer wheels I 9 which are rotatably supported by a carrier II5 which in turn is loosely arranged on shaft 28. The tens transfer wheels I9 are permanently in mesh with the differential actuators 250 by means of intermediate wheels 2I loose on shaft 20.

Now, when in an adding machine operation the diiferential actuators 250 have been positioned in acocrdance with the amount keys 20! depressed, and the differential wheels I6 have been coupled with the respective counting wheels, for instance, with the adding wheels I, by shifting the rider shaft I3, then the coupling of the balance totalizer is effected in a manner not shown, by rocking it into cooperative position, so that the differential wheels I6 come into mesh with the tens transfer wheels I9. In the subsequent return of the differential actuators 250 the differential wheels I6 are turned clockwise according to the position of the differential actuators 250. This rotation is transmitted in clockwise direction to the counting wheels coupled with the differential wheels I6, that is, in the assumed case, to the adding wheels I. The other counting wheels, viz., the subtracting wheels 2 are returned by the same amplitude as the adding wheels proper but in opposite direction, that is counter-clockwise.

In subtractive amount entering the rider shaft I3 is shifted to the left to such an extent (Fig. 2) that the riders I4 couple the subtracting wheels 2 with the differential wheels It. This action is the same as described, with the only difference that the subtracting wheels 2 are turned clockwise and the adding wheels I counter-clockwise.

The rider shaft I3 and the shaft I8 are mounted to shift together. The shaft I8 is provided with an annular groove 22 for each transfer member 23, said members 23 being rotatable in the grooves 22, but they are not shiftable relatively to the shaft I8, so that the teeth 23 always lie opposite the corresponding rider It and the coupled counting wheels I or 2 respectively. When a passage from 9 to 0 takes place in any order, the tens tooth Ia or 2a of the coupled counting wheel I or 2 strikes the companion tens tooth 23 and rocks it counter-clockwise about shaft I8 by 45 degrees. On shaft I8 a tens transfer pinion 25 is loose but not shiftable therewith, and its hub 25a has a recess in which the companion tens tooth 23 is shifted together with shaft I8. The companion tens tooth 23 is connected by a stud 24 to the tens transfer pinion 25 in such a manner that upon shaft I8 being shifted it can slide in the recess of hub 250:, but that a rotation about shaft I8 is performed by both these members in common and to the same extent.

On the left hand front surface of tens transfer pinion 25 a pin I I6 is fixed (Figs. 2 and 4a) which projects into a recess I ll of the carrier I I5 of the next higher denominational order. The pin IIB cooperates with the boundary surfaces of said recess Ill.

The recess II'I possesses two operating and locking surfaces H8, H9 (see Fig. 5) and a top surface I20 extending concentrically with the shaft 29 (Fig. 5) and sliding on shaft I8. Two notches I2I, I22 are formed at the ends of surface IZU for shaft I8. In order to avoid selflocking due to friction, the surfaces H8, H9 are subdivided by edges IIBa, IISa so as to form two operating surfaces I I80, I I90 and two locking surfaces IISb, N91). The surfaces IIBb and IISb are arcuate with centres I I and I I which 00- incide with the center of shaft I8 when it aster-clockwise about I8.

sumes its end positions relatively to carrier II5.

In order to insure in all events a precise engagement, the rotation of the transfer pinion 25 caused by the tens tooth Ia or 2a serves only as a preparatory movement for the engagement of the pinion 25 with the carrying member 3| (Fig. 317), whereas the actual carrying caused by the pinion 3I itself is effected by the machine drive common to all the denominational orders at a latter time period.

The mode of operation in tens transfer operations is as follows:--

When in the rest position, the parts assume the position illustrated in Fig. 4a in which the notch I2I (Fig. 5) of the recess II'I engages with the shaft I8 while the pin H5 is located in a notch l23 formed at the upper end of locking surface II8b. Consequently the carrier H5 is locked against rocking motion toward the left by notch I2I and toward the right by the notch I23. Since the surface H8?) is drawn with the shaft I3 as center, the circular path of the point of contact I25 of pin I I5 lies within the range of the circular surface I I8?) and the pin I I6 may be rocked coun- As soon, now, as one of the counting wheels I (Fig. 3b) arrives in the zero position or passes therethrough, the tens tooth Ia rocks the transfer member 25 of the next higher order about shaft I8 in counter-clockwise direction into the position illustrated in Figs. 3b and 4b. Thereupon, after completion of the amount entering, in order to efiect the tens transfer, all the members 25 in preparatory position are engaged by the carry mechanism actuating pinions 3| of the machine drive and turned farther counter-clockwise by a certain angle corresponding to the advance of one unit (Figs. 3c and 40). When the pin H5 comes into contact with the operating surface H9c, the carrier H5 is rocked thereby until its notch I22 engages with shaft I8. In this extreme position the carrier H5 is locked against motion in both direc tions by the notch I22 and the pin IIE. The return of the displaced pinion 25 especially the tooth 23 to initial position (Fig. 3a) is effected by known means (not shown) toward the end of the machine operation or at the commencement of a new operation with the totalizer disengaged. During the return of the parts to initial position, the pin H5 first leaves the surface I I90 and then acts upon the operating surface Il8c, whereby the carrier I I5 is rocked into initial position (Fig. 4a), and the notch I2I again engages shaft I8. Upon further rotation of the pinion 25 the pin I I6 comes first into contact with the surface I I8b and then enters notch I23.

The carrying pinions 3I which effect the tens transfers which have been prepared in the various denominational orders, are provided according to the invention with as many teeth as the balance totalizer has orders, and thus offers in all denominational orders at the same time a tooth for performing a tens transfer originated in the re-- spective order, so that all the tens transfers in various orders simultaneously originated, are also carried out simultaneously. When in adding, the add or subtract wheel of any denominational order has not passed 9, the tens carrying device is in rest position as shown in Figs. 3a and 4a. When, however, the wheel passes from "9 to the tens tooth to, or 2a, rotates the transfer pinion 25 by about 45 degrees into the preparatory position, whereby the tooth :8 comes into the path of the teeth of the carrying wheel 3I (Figs. 3b and 41)). As the carrying pinions 3| are disposed on the shaft 20 in equal distances, each transfer pinion 25 moved into preparatory position, regardless of the denominational order to which it belongs, is rotated further by the first tooth of the wheel 3I into the position shown in Figs. 3c, 40 wherein the intermediate wheel I9 rolls on the arrested wheel 2I and advances the differential wheel I6 and thus the counting wheel I, and 2 respectively, by one unit.

When, during any tens carrying operation, a tens carry in the next higher denominational order is prepared, the tooth I8 of the tens transfer pinion 25 of this denominational order comes into the reach of the teeth of the carrying Wheel 3|, whereupon the said pinion 25 is turned by one of the next teeth of the wheel 3! since the first tooth thereof has passed already.

Also the highest denominational order has allotted thereto a tens transfer pinion 25 fixed to shaft I8, while a pinion 25' located before the lowest denominational order is connected by a spring 85 to the shaft I8 (Fig. 2) and cooperates with a carrying pinion 3|.

This mechanism is fully illustrated and described in the patent to Breitling, No. 2,052,444, and will be but briefly described herein. On the right-hand end of shaft I8 (Fig. 2) is loosely mounted a sleeve 80 having a longitudinal slot engaged by a pin 8| rigid on shaft I 8, so that sleeve 80 does not partake of the shifting motion of shaft I8, but of a rotation thereof. The sleeve 30 has on its left-hand end face a shoulder 82, cooperable with a shoulder 83 of the tens coupling member 25 loose on shaft I8. The member 25 is arranged in front of the lowermost order and carries a pinion 84 rigid with it for a purpose not disclosed herein but described in the above mentioned Patent No. 2,052,444. Between sleeve 89 and pinion 84 is disposed the torsional spring 85 which holds the stop faces 32a and 83a (Fig. 2a) of the shoulders 82 and 83 in abutment on one another, while other stop faces 82b and 83b include an angle of 45 degrees which corresponds to the extent of movement of shaft I8 for the tens transfer preparatory movement. When the highest denominational wheel passes from 9 to 0, the shaft I8 is given its preparatory movement to position a tooth I8 opposite the lowest order denomination into mesh with the pinion 3|. Thereafter, when this lowest order pinion 3| is rotated by the main shaft, the member 25 is given its transfer movement, which, through pin IIS and arm I I5, and elements operated thereby, as above described, enters the fugitive 1 into the lowest denominational order wheel of the totalizer.

When in the highest denominational order the subtract wheel 2 passes from 9 to 0 or the sign of the total on the balance totalizer changes into negative, a tens carrying or adding of the fugitive one in the lowest denominational order is effected by the tooth then situated in operative range, of the respective carrying pinion 3I.

Fig. 6 shows there examples illustrating the operation of the tens carrying device. The diagrams 6a, b, 60 on the left side show the solution of the problems by means of the known successively operating tens carrying device, and the diagrams 6a, 6b, 60' on the right side the solution effected by means of the device according to this invention. The denominational orders of the balance totalizer assumed, by way of example, to comprise ten denominational orders, are indicated by the numerals 1 to arranged horizontally, the said. denominational orders having allotted thereto one carrying pinion each. The vertical lines indicate the timing, and the adding period is intimated by dotted lines in the upper part of each chart, while the efliux of time during which the carrying operations are executed in the denominational orders, is indicated by thicker lines in an enlarged scale comprising the lower portion of each chart. The short thick vertical lines represent the single tens carrying which has been effected in the respective order. The horizontally directed arrows drawn in dotted lines, show the course of the tens carrying impulses between the individual denominational orders.

In the first example:

0 minus 10,000

the negative amount 10,000 is entered into the zeroised balance totalizer. At this time the adding wheel and the subtract wheel are adjusted:

Now a 1 is added to the 9 on the subtract wheel of the fifth order. Thereby said wheel passes to O and transmits a tens transfer impulse to the next higher (the sixth) order wherein, accordingly, a carrying action is prepared. This action occurs already during the adding operation for which reason the arrow is drawn within the adding range. The circle at the arrow indicates from which denominational order the carrying impulse originates, while the pointed head of the arrow shows the order in which tens carrying is prepared. When, now, the tens carrying action is being efiected, the first five step disks in the known step tens carrying device (Fig. 6a) remain ineifective, and on y the sixth diskinitiates at the proper time the carrying motions which run through the series of wheels up to the highest denominational order whereupon an impulse is transferred to the lowest denominational order and, during the second transfer action, continues its run till the entire tens carrying operation is completed. During the second series of continued tens carrying actions the wheel of the orders 6 to are ineffective. Thus during the two series of carryings each of the carrying wheels remain once inefiective, that is, altogether one series of subsequent carrying motions were ineffective.

In the arrangement according to Fig. 60/ immediately from the start of the carrying motions tens carrying is completed in the sixth order in which tens carrying was prepared during the adding operation, to begin with. Thereby the waste of time (idle running of the first five disks) experienced when the normal step arrangement is employed, is dispensed with, and the tens carrying actions are done already at the end of the first series of carrying motions, so that there is no need for a second series of such motions. As in connection with an adding or subtracting operation never more than one tens transfer impulse in each order is originated, the example illustrates the highest efiiciency of the tens carrying as it occurs in each denominational order.

As the second example:

160,570- minus 520,700

At this time When the amount 520,700 is entered onto the subtract wheels, in the third and sixth order tens carrying to the fourth and seventh order (see the arrows in the direction indicating adding operations) is prepared. In the known device completing the tens carrying starts from the fourth carrying disk, the first three disks remaining ineffective, and the idle run of the six step disk causes a further delay (Fig. 6b) while in the new device (Fig. 6 tens carrying is completed immediately and simultaneously in the two denominational orders prepared for tens carrying, and is continued without any interruption.

The simultaneous carrying prepared in all orders, is illustrated the most clearly by the third example (Figs. 6c and 60') t where thus the amount 111,111,111 is to be entered subtractively into the balance totalizer standing at zero. The add and subtract wheels are in this instance adjusted so as in connection with the first problem. By adding the said amount on the subtract wheels, in each denominational order tens carrying is caused. The carrying operations are eifected in the known device without any connections to one another, while with the device according to the invention said operations occur simultaneously in all the denominational orders, besides the lowest one where the fugitive one is added by the second tooth of the carry mechanism actuating pinion.

In connection with the last example it may be mentioned that the transfer mechanism is strained to the most by the tens carrying actions simultaneously caused in all denominational orders. As in all denominational orders an elTective part of the carry mechanism actuating pinion is present during the whole time of a tens transfer, 1. e. during the whole revolution of the shaft 20, said avail-able time period can be sub divided into any number of steps as desired. The carrying wheels according to another embodiment (Fig. 'l) of the invention, can be arranged in such a way that the carrying operations in some of the individual denominational orders may be delayed. In a balance totalizer comprising ten denominational orders, the carry mechanism operating pinion can be provided with a gap between the first and tenth tooth and the wheels of the first five orders are arranged in staggered position relative to the last five orders, so that the first working tooth of the first orders is positioned ahead of the first tooth of the last five orders.

Another way to obtain this result is that the pinions of the first five orders are provided with one tooth more than there are denominational orders provided in the balance totalizer. In this case the first five pinions have eleven teeth (Fig. 3), and the last five pinions ten teeth each, the said pinions being so disposed on the carry actuating shaft that the first tooth of the last pinion and the second tooth of the first pinion become efiective at the same time whereupon the time period for distributing the carrying motions is twice as long as in the first embodiment.

The pinions provided with a gap can be arranged alike in all the odd denominational orders and with the first tooth ahead in all even orders. In the odd or even orders pinions having eleven teeth in lieu of ten teeth in the other orders can be arranged with a balance totalizer of ten orders.

While the form of mechanism herein shown and described, is admirably adapted to fulfill the objects primarily stated, it is to be understood that it is not intended to confine the invention to the embodiments herein disclosed, for it is susceptible of embodiment in various other forms all coming within the scope of the claims which follow.

What is claimed as new is:

1. In a tens transfer mechanism for a totalizer having a plurality of denominational elements, the combination of tens transfer entering means interposed between adjacent denominational elements; means on each totalizer element to preliminarily set its associated tens transfer entering means as the totalizer passes through zero; a gear associated with each tens transfer entering means for actuating the tens transfer entering means after the latter have been preliminarily set to enter one unit in the next higher totalizer element said gears each having as many teeth as there are denominational elements in the totalizer the space between the first and the last teeth being greater than the space between the other teeth; and means to rotate the gears one complete rotation for each operation of the machine to enter all tens transfers during one rotation of the gears.

2. In a transfer mechanism for a totalizer having a plurality of denominational orders, the combination of tens transfer means between the various denominational orders, and a transfer actuating gear in each denominational order, the actuating means of which in one order is effective variably with respect to the actuating means on a gear of another order to actuate the tens transfer means upon passage of a denominational order through zero, thus distributing the entering load throughout a single cycle.

3. In a transfer mechanism for a totalizer having a plurality of denominational orders, the combination of tens transfer means between the various denominational orders, and actuating means cooperating with the tens transfer means differently in each order to prevent overloading when more than one transfer means is operated simultaneously.

4. In a transfer mechanism for an add and subtract totalizer having several denominational orders, the combination of a tens transfer means; a shaft performing one revolution in each machine operation; and gears provided with as many teeth as denominational orders in said totalizer and with a gap between the first and the last teeth, one of said gears being arranged on said shaft in each denominational order with the gaps in the various gears staggered in certain of said orders to actuate the transfer means in stag gered timing.

5. In a tens transfer mechanism for an add and subtract totalizer having several denominational orders, a tens transfer means; a tens carry actuating shaft performing one rotation during each machine operation; gears provided with as many teeth as denominational orders in said totalizer and a gap between the first and the last teeth, said gears being arranged on said shaft in some of the denominational orders; and gears having one tooth more than the denominational orders in said totalizer, and arranged on the shaft in the remaining denominational orders, said gears provided to actuate the tens transfer means in successive timing.

ERNST BREITLING. 

